Support ventilation first, then identify the opioid, stimulant, cholinergic, or smoke-exposure pathway.
OCEMS source summary · Updated 2026-09-16
Key cautions & base contact
Protect rescuers from exposure and use the exposure-specific source.
Do not mistake successful opioid reversal for resolution of all toxicologic risk. Pediatric poisoning uses different doses and SO-P-085.
Initial support
Assist ventilation with BVM and suction as needed. Give oxygen for room-air SpO₂ below 95% using the source’s mask or cannula options.
Check glucose and treat qualifying hypoglycemia with the source’s oral glucose, D10, or glucagon pathway. For systolic BP below 90 with clear lungs, give 250 mL saline boluses up to 1 L.
The detailed poisoning order has condition-specific access and treatment exceptions; do not treat this overview as an exposure-specific toxicology protocol.
Suspected opioid toxicity
With respiratory depression at 12/min or fewer, give naloxone 0.8, 1, or 2 mg IN/IM, or 0.4–1 mg IV. Repeat every 3 minutes as needed to maintain breathing; the source also lists a 4 mg preloaded nasal spray.
Continue respiratory support and reassess after every dose.
Stimulant or organophosphate exposure
For stimulant toxicity, monitor breathing, oxygenation, temperature, and perfusion. Cool when hyperthermia is suspected and use the relevant seizure/sedation instructions with airway readiness.
For suspected organophosphate toxicity, SO-M-050 lists atropine 2 mg IV or IM, repeating once as needed. Bronchospasm, seizures, and DuoDote use have additional source-specific pathways.
Smoke, cyanide & dystonic reactions
Suspected CO toxicity requires high-flow oxygen. For suspected cyanide toxicity, including concerning plastic/hydrocarbon smoke, hydroxocobalamin 5 g IV/IO over 15 minutes requires a base order.
For an extrapyramidal/dystonic reaction, diphenhydramine 50 mg IM/IV once is listed.
Provide ALS escort to the nearest ERC or contact base as needed; communicate exposure details, treatment, and response.