Control hemorrhage, protect perfusion and ventilation, and recognize destination needs.
OCEMS source summary · Updated 2026-09-16
Key cautions & base contact
A fluid threshold for general medical hypotension is not the same as the TBI threshold.
Trauma-center designation and high hemorrhage risk are ketorolac exclusions in PR-075.
Bleeding control & transport
Start direct pressure. If bleeding continues, consider an approved hemostatic dressing; use a tourniquet for uncontrolled extremity hemorrhage under B-010.
Do not delay transport to establish IV access. For hypotension, the adult order starts with 250 mL saline and permits continued infusion to support perfusion.
Base contact is required for trauma-triage criteria, hypotension, or saline needed for stabilization.
Limb injuries & impaled objects
Splint/immobilize fractures and document distal pulses and sensation. Cold packs over a splint may improve comfort.
Stabilize impaled objects when possible. Do not remove face/neck objects unless ventilation is compromised; avoid delays to extrication/transport.
For qualifying pain with systolic BP above 90, source options include morphine 5 mg (or 4 mg carpuject) IV/IM, fentanyl 50 mcg IV/IM, or fentanyl 100 mcg IN, each with one repeat after 3 minutes as specified.
Suspected traumatic brain injury
Monitor SpO₂ continuously and escalate oxygen/airway/ventilation support to maintain saturation above 90%. Use continuous ETCO₂ and target 35–45 mmHg when possible, especially during assisted ventilation.
Check systolic BP every 5 minutes. Below 100, give 250 mL saline and continue infusion toward BP above 100; for age 65 and older, use the source’s below-110 trigger and above-110 target.
At GCS 8 or below, establish an airway by the most appropriate available means. Transport to a trauma center.
Handoff
Report mechanism, hemorrhage control, tourniquet time, neurologic findings, oxygenation/ETCO₂, BP trends, and treatment response.
Use the complete SO-T-005 for eye injury, airbag exposure, pregnancy-positioning, and other branches beyond this focused guide.